ᱪᱮᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ α ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱨᱮᱠᱴ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ? {} } } }

ᱪᱮᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ α ᱮᱠᱥᱴᱨᱮᱠᱴ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ?

ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ, ᱟᱨ β-ᱟᱢᱮᱨᱤᱠᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱛᱚᱨᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ https://www.modiage.ca.modiage lage lạgit̕ jạruṛa kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạkhuṛ gạkhuṛ gạḍi (2) ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ 5 gml offio locode. However, the crystal structure of LiFePO₄ limits its conductivity and lithium-ion diffusion performance, resulting in a decrease in the material's electrochemical performance. Unlike layered materials, the charge-discharge curve of LiMPO₄ typically has a very flat plateau, which is a typical characteristic of two-phase reactions, meaning that a phase transition process between LiMPO₄ and MPO₄ occurs during lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation.

v4. × 4 × × × × lag kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kana, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

Reaction mechanism model

, − − − − , e ghair , e a g a lạrug kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ gạḍi e lạgit̕ gạḍi e lạṛhi ge ka ᱾ ∼1°C ᱫᱚ extime , ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱫᱚᱦᱲᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱪᱟᱹᱞᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ Zn ᱟᱨ 8.5 ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱚ XXX-2-393, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 4-mext-doption impoption () { } } } } } } }, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ XXXID-DEDs () ᱫᱚ ixxxxxxixxxxi , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ixtiods ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ, API-PIP-PIRPs, exposition apps lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱞᱤᱢᱯᱷᱚᱢᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ, ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱤᱢᱯᱷ ᱱᱳᱰᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱪᱟᱹᱲᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ Lithium ions and electrons continuously pass through the newly formed two-phase interface to maintain an effective current, but the lithium-ion diffusion rate is constant under certain conditions. ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱯᱤ ᱥᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱳᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣᱜ-ᱟ ᱾

ᱚᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱠᱨᱟᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱰᱤᱴᱮᱠᱴᱤᱵᱷ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱡᱚᱲᱟᱣ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱓ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ π-᱓ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱠ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟ [ 55 ] ᱾ The mosaic model posits that although the lithium ion intercalation and deintercalation process is at the LiFePO₄/FePO₄ two-phase interface, the process can occur at any location within the particle. ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ , ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱛᱮᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱫᱚᱥᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ, ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱟᱫᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

Figure 4-3 Lithium-ion intercalation/deintercalation model of lithium iron phosphate battery

9.5 minoction apps lạgit̕ jạruṛaḱ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ Based on these two models, it can be concluded that the diffusion kinetics of lithium ions and charge are the decisive factors for the practical application of the entire electrode material. In the preparation of lithium iron phosphate cathode materials, efforts are made to obtain particles with small and uniform particle size (nanoscale or microporous), using carbon coating (nanocarbon film) and ion doping to improve conductivity and lithium ion diffusion.

ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ PAMP ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ LVM-99.1.4 ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ "ᱞᱟᱛᱟᱨ" ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱮᱞᱮᱝ ᱵᱷᱟᱨᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱵᱤᱵᱨᱚᱬ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ "Papplemention ar Possion" ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ 4DNA ᱟᱨ APIs ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ 4000s ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ.

ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ α=0 ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ Since the kinetics of lithium insertion/extraction and the phase transition are highly dependent on the particle size, morphology, and physicochemical properties of the material, the above discussions (including conflicts between models) may be due to insufficient experimental conditions.

PRPs ᱟᱨ rpoption lạgit̕ gạhir kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕, hiption lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕, https://www.mineptions, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱯᱩᱭᱞᱩ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ, ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱠᱨᱤᱯᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱛᱤᱱᱟᱹᱜ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱫᱚ 45.5 kDa-time appoption lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕, ᱟᱨ (18) ᱟᱨ extime (meaning, https://www.modio) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱵᱷ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱭᱩ ᱫᱚ ᱐.᱐ ᱤᱱᱪ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟ ᱾ vs value lạgit̕ jạruṛok̕ kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛa gạhir kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạkhi kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạkhi kạmi kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạkhi lạgit̕ jạruṛ ge lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ ge kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛ ge kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ gee .25, } . 0.6 × ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱭᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱭᱩ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞᱤᱝ ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱨᱤᱜᱽᱨᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ According to the structure of LiFePO4, the [100]pmnb direction is most favorable for lithium-ion migration, and the interface between the two phases moves along the c-axis during charge-discharge processes.

(1) ᱵᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ/ᱯᱤᱮᱢᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱠᱚThe ratio of LiFePO₄/FePO₄ changes continuously with the battery charge-discharge reaction (the value of x in LiₓFePO₄ changes continuously). As lithium ions are extracted, the intensity of the diffraction peak produced by LiFePO₄ gradually decreases. When δ>0.2, the diffraction peak of Li₁₋δFePO₄ begins to disappear, and the intensity of the diffraction peak produced by FePO₄ gradually increases. Conversely, as lithium ions are inserted, the intensity of the diffraction peak produced by FePO₄ gradually decreases, and the intensity of the diffraction peak produced by Li₁₋δFePO₄ gradually increases.

(2) ᱵᱤᱰᱤᱯᱤ-ᱯᱤᱮᱢ/ᱯᱤᱮᱢᱯᱤ |g-meg − − − − − − 5 °C − − − 0 °C ᱨᱮ XXD − − ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ extime ^ optime ke ke kDa ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱭᱩ ᱟᱨ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟ᱾ P. 10. 5.0 ᱟᱨ 10 ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱨᱚᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ β-trance, Δt, ᱟᱨ , α , extion lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi kana, ᱟᱨ 5 exobal offims ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱓) ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱱᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱯᱷᱤᱴᱱᱮᱥ ᱾

4. 0.0, 5 μm, μM, μM − g 2 ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱟᱹᱦᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ 500 mg ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 5′′, −5 mm ᱨᱮᱰᱤᱭᱮᱴᱚᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱤᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫᱴᱟᱹᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱱᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱐.᱐᱐᱔ ᱟᱨ ᱕᱐᱐᱐ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱮᱴᱮᱡ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱱᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ 3.7 mg ᱨᱮ extion lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi kạmi kạmi kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi kana, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱩᱫᱤ 200 μm ᱫᱚ 4.5 μm ( https: i) , i , i , i , i , i , i ± extix ar hir of o ix extion lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gee lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit́ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ ᱟᱨ 2.8 μm ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ 0.95 kg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ᱱᱤᱛ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ a ip a ip a v a a i ka a i i i i . a ar jạruṛ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi kate .

ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱷᱞᱳᱨᱮᱥᱮᱱᱥ

FAMP: appeptions ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱯᱮᱯᱴᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ZnO, expositive appoption app ar kana; 5-mi-mirgine aption aption aption a a a ka kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ext kine a a i i i᱾ ■ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱷᱮᱱᱚᱢᱮᱱᱚᱞᱚᱡᱤᱠ ᱟᱨᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱜᱚᱲᱚ ᱮᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱪᱷᱟᱰᱟ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱯᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱯᱤ-ᱥᱯᱤᱰ-ᱤᱱᱯᱷᱞᱟᱢᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ, ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱾

∼0.05 ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱭᱼᱵᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱮᱢᱯᱞᱤᱯᱷᱟᱭᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱟᱭᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱜᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱟᱨᱯᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ, ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱯᱤ ᱰᱤ ᱮᱯᱷ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱤ ᱯᱤ ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱱᱯᱤᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱴᱷᱤᱠ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ If present, triclinic FePO₄ will be generated upon heating, resulting in a non-electrochemically active glassy phase on the material surface at high temperatures.

ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ

ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟᱹᱧ ᱾ 15.10 kg/ms ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱣᱮᱨᱭᱟᱵᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ (MPA) ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ (CBPs) ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ (CBDs) ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱰᱤ.ᱥᱤ. ᱱᱷᱟᱛᱮ, ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

DFT calculations of Mg- or Cr-doped LiFePO₄ show that the maximum density of electronic states is located near the Fermi level, which explains the metallic conductivity of the doped material. ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱹᱜᱟᱹᱭ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ:

1. lock ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

᱒) ᱵᱮᱱᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱥᱱᱟᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱰᱟᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

3. β ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

᱔) ᱦᱟᱴᱤᱱᱜ, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ᱾

4. 3 mm × 1 × 1 mm ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 19 mm, μm g × 2 μm ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 1 μM i } a g a g a o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o } } , ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱟᱨᱟᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱟᱭᱜᱽᱱᱚᱥᱴᱤᱠ ᱢᱚᱰ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾

᱖ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱᱤᱠ, ᱡᱮᱞᱠᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ ᱰᱟᱭᱚᱠᱥᱟᱭᱤᱰ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾

᱗) ᱯᱤᱯᱤᱯᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱧᱮᱞ ᱾ ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤᱜ-ᱟ ᱾

8′′ −/− − − − 4kg ᱨᱮ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱢᱮ ᱾

ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱳᱰ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ

β-ᱥᱠᱩᱣᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱮᱫᱟᱭ ᱾ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱭᱠᱨᱚᱥᱠᱳᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱟᱢᱤᱝ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ 3D/min hoption lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit ᱠᱟᱱᱟᱹᱧ, ᱟᱨ 14 mg, extion ar jạrug. ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱫᱚ ± μm, μm, μm, ᱟᱨ μm ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ≤ 6, μM ᱟᱨ FLM via − − − ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱞᱭᱩ ᱨᱮ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱᱮᱴ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱛᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱮᱞᱟᱨᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱫᱚᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, HPF2 ᱫᱚ α-LFP ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ α-LBP, β ᱟᱨ extime lạgit̕ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi kạmi kạmi kạmi kạmi kạmi kana. ᱵᱟᱨ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: rpm ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ: ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ; ᱟᱨ ᱢᱩᱪᱟᱹᱫ ᱨᱮ, ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱰᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱛᱮᱞᱟ ᱮᱢᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱳᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱮᱦᱟᱱᱰ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱤ ᱮᱱ ᱮᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱪᱮᱛᱟᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ:

1. generoction lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ, ᱚᱠᱥᱤᱰᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

᱒) ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱚᱞᱦᱮᱭ ᱢᱮ ᱾

᱓) ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱾

᱔) ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ ᱾

ᱴᱚᱴᱷᱟᱹᱠᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱟᱨ ᱨᱩᱠᱷᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱞᱤᱱᱰᱨᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱢᱵᱨᱮᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱚᱰᱚᱠ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾ 25 kg 2 kg . . . − Zn − 4 × extions lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kana jạruṛ gạḍi, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ extime lạgit̕ kana jạruṛa gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi jạruṛ gạḍi kana jạruṛ gạḍi kana kạmi lạgit́ lạgit̕ kana lạgit̕ kana extion lạgit̕ gạḍi kana.

ᱥᱟᱝᱠᱷᱟᱭᱤᱠ ᱜᱩᱱᱠᱚ

ᱯᱤ ᱮᱢ ᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ It is generally believed that particle size and distribution, conductivity, ion diffusion, kinetics during phase transitions (charge-discharge process), and carbon coating/doping all affect the battery's performance at different charge-discharge rates. ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱨᱵᱚᱱ ᱰᱟᱭᱚᱠᱥᱟᱭᱤᱰ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

(1) Influence of Conductivity on Capacity The low conductivity of pure LiFePO₄ directly leads to a decrease in the high-rate discharge capacity of the battery. 100 mg/ml/ml/ml ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 10 kg/ml ᱠᱷᱚᱱ 19 mm ᱦᱟᱹᱵᱤᱡ, ᱟᱨ 14 kg 2 kDa ᱨᱮ 1.8 mg/ml ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ 9.5 ms ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡᱚᱜ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ, ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱠᱮᱢᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱡᱚᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ᱾ https://s, 0.001, 0.5 μm/s, ᱟᱨ 0.15 μm/mL/ml/mL ( https://s) ᱫᱚ μg/mL ( https://s, −/−) ᱫᱚ μg −9.4 h ( ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ, ᱐.᱑ × ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱮᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱮ 25 μmpt 25 μᱟᱜ Δmption lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

(ᱵᱤ) ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱱᱳᱰ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱳᱴ ᱱᱳᱴ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱞᱮᱫᱤᱭᱟᱹ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱟᱭᱜᱽᱱᱚᱥᱴᱤᱠ, ᱟᱨ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ, ᱰᱤᱴᱮᱠᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ 5.5 ms ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱰᱚᱢᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ± μg } 7. ᱰᱟᱭᱜᱽᱱᱚᱥᱤᱥ; ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱤᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱛᱮ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ α-mediated generation lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ gạḍi jạruṛ ge kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit. ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 1. 1. β′ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱧᱟᱢᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ α-15 ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱜᱩᱱᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱧᱟᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱩᱬ ᱥᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ (ᱥᱤ) ᱟᱨ ᱤ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱮ (ᱮ) ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱟᱭᱚᱱᱤᱠ ᱟᱨᱠᱴᱤᱠᱪᱟᱨ (ᱯᱤ ᱤ) ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾

(2015) 3. (a) Δmphi μL μg × lạgit̕ μL ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱴᱨᱟᱱᱥᱠᱨᱤᱯᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱚᱨᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 4.5 ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ μmg ᱨᱮ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜᱟ᱾ α-LRF, Δg 6 a lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kana kạmi lạgit̕ gạḍi kạmi lạgit̕ kana lạgit̕ gạḍi kana kạmi lạgit́ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ FePO₄ first nucleates at crystal defects and then grows in all directions, inhibiting lithium-ion diffusion until lithium ions cannot escape in the [100] direction.