ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ? {} } } }

ᱪᱮᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱪᱮᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ?

Battery thermal management, based on the impact of temperature on battery performance, combined with the battery's electrochemical characteristics and heat generation mechanisms, and grounded in the optimal charge/discharge temperature range of a specific battery, is a technology that addresses heat dissipation or thermal runaway caused by excessively high or low temperatures during battery operation. ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ, ᱥᱤᱨᱡᱚᱱ, ᱟᱨᱠᱴᱤᱠᱪᱟᱨ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱫᱷᱟᱯ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ, 30 kg appoption apps official official official official official official reak̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛa kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ■ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ; 5. ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱵᱷ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱛᱷᱩᱠᱟᱹᱢ ᱜᱮᱥ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱮᱛᱟᱲ ᱜᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱚᱯᱟᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ 5.0 kg ko ko ko ko ko ko kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ, ᱟᱭᱢᱟ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱫᱤᱥᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱣᱟ: iOS, U.S.

11. 5. ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱚᱡᱷᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱰᱟᱭ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱟ᱾ https://microssions.com ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱱᱴᱚᱨᱱᱮᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, 100 mm ᱫᱚ 4.5 mm lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ jạruṛ ge=0.85, 0.85, ᱟᱨ 0.08 mm − 4.1 mm᱾ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱠᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱛᱮ, ᱢᱟᱥᱤᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ ᱚᱯᱟᱨᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱚᱯᱟᱨᱮᱴ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱷᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ.

᱒) ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱤᱡᱽ ᱢᱮ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱫᱚ 2.5 kg ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko kạmi lạgit̕ gạrug kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kana, ᱟᱨ extion lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

᱓. ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱮᱢᱯᱞᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱮᱢᱯᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮᱫ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱩᱫᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱫᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ; ᱥᱴᱨᱚᱵᱮᱨᱤ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱦᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱥᱠᱮᱞ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ, ᱞᱚᱞᱚ, ᱞᱚᱞᱚ, ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱞᱮᱠᱴᱨᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱾

᱔) ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱥᱠᱨᱤᱱᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱾ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮᱢᱯᱞᱤᱝ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱷᱟᱞᱵᱷ ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟ᱾

᱕) ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱣᱰᱤ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤᱭᱳ, ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱠᱟᱱᱤᱠᱟᱞ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

᱖) ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱾ 2.25 kDape ar range key lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ jạruṛaṭạṭạṭạḍa kạmi kạmi kạmi kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kana, ᱟᱨ extion ar ranke ar ranke ar ranke .

᱗) ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱾ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢᱤᱠ ᱚᱯᱴᱤᱢᱟᱭᱡᱮᱥᱚᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱚᱨᱡᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱥᱛᱤᱛᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱯᱩᱨᱟᱹᱣᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱢᱟᱥᱤᱱᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱣᱠᱟᱹ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱱᱤᱛᱚᱜ ᱫᱚ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 2.45 i i᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ 4.5 million, extions official official official reak̕ kạmi lạgit̕ gạhir kana, ᱟᱨ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱡᱮ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱢᱩᱫᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ:

Battery Thermal Field Calculation and Temperature Prediction

ᱚᱠᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ;

ρ ᱫᱚ ᱰᱮᱱᱥᱤᱴᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱲᱦᱚᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;

ᱥᱤ-% ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ;

α, μ, λ, μ, λ, μ, μ, μ, μ, ᱟᱨ ρ μM ix ex × i i × q

᱐ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱭᱩᱱᱤᱴ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱚᱨ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱦᱟᱹᱴᱤᱧ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾

ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚᱱᱴᱨᱚᱞᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱷᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱟᱦᱨᱮ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ ᱜᱩᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱮᱜᱟᱨ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ Over time, this can lead to overcharging or over-discharging of some batteries, affecting their lifespan and performance, and creating safety hazards. ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱛᱮ ᱡᱚᱯᱲᱟᱣ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱮ ᱫᱟᱣ ᱮᱢᱟᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱚᱱᱟᱛᱮ, ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱴᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ: ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱥᱮᱢᱤᱠᱚᱱᱰᱟᱠᱴᱚᱨ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ᱾ ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱᱟᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱤᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱟᱨ ᱤᱢᱟᱨᱡᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱮᱫᱟ ᱾

ᱰᱤᱡᱟᱭᱤᱱ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ, ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ, ᱟᱨ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱥᱟᱞᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ, ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ, ᱫᱟᱲᱮ, ᱫᱟᱲᱮ, ᱫᱟᱲᱮ, ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱷᱟᱥ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ (PCR) ᱫᱚ rpm ᱟᱨ expositive official official kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạṛhi, exocky , p ᱛᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱚᱢᱚᱜᱼᱟ, ᱩᱱᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜᱼᱟ; ᱛᱤᱱ ᱨᱮ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱᱟ, ᱩᱱ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱜᱞᱩᱴᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱾ ᱥᱟᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ, ᱱᱚᱣᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱚᱱᱜᱚᱛᱷᱟᱱ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱦᱚᱸ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱥᱮᱬᱟ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

Schematic diagram of temperature measurement points in the battery box

ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱤᱡ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱨᱟᱹᱣ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱚᱱᱚᱝ ᱰᱷᱮᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾ Depending on the specific engineering context, theoretically, finite element analysis, infrared thermal imaging in experiments, or real-time multi-point temperature monitoring can be used to analyze and measure the thermal field distribution of the battery pack, battery modules, and individual cells, determining the number of temperature measurement points and finding suitable points in different areas. ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱦᱚᱭ ᱦᱤᱥᱤᱫ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱜᱮ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱪᱮᱫᱟᱜ ᱥᱮ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱢᱟᱨᱥᱟᱞ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾ ᱥᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱨᱮ ᱛᱟᱦᱮᱱ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ, ᱦᱚᱭ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱚᱴᱚᱨ ᱠᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱟᱹᱭᱠᱟᱹ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ, ᱥᱮᱴᱤᱝ ᱫᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤᱭᱟᱱ ᱴᱷᱟᱶ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱴᱷᱟᱹᱣᱠᱟᱹᱭ ᱢᱮ ᱾ 2.2 kg ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko ko , extime ar kg kạmi lạṭạḍạu ḍạr kạmi lạṭạḍạu ḍạr kạmi lạgit̕ lạṛa kạmi lạṛhi ᱻ′′ ᱢᱚᱰᱮᱞ ᱾ The electric bus power battery system designed by Beijing Institute of Technology uses 6 temperature measurement points per box (see the circled area in Figure 8-16a), arranged at the positive and negative terminals and the power line output points of the battery box, as shown in Figure 8-16.

ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱫᱷᱟᱣ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱱᱟᱣ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱢᱮᱴᱨᱤᱠᱥ, ᱯᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱᱟᱢ, ᱯᱞᱟᱴᱤᱱᱟᱢ, ᱟᱨ ᱯᱞᱟᱡᱽᱢᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱜᱞᱩᱠᱚᱡᱽ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱚᱫᱚᱞ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱜ-ᱟ ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱ ᱡᱤᱱᱤᱥ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱱᱟᱦᱟᱜ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱷᱚᱨᱚᱪ ᱟᱨ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱩᱫᱷᱟᱹᱨ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ᱾

Based on the heat dissipation airflow structure, air cooling systems can be further divided into two types: series ventilation and parallel ventilation, as shown in Figures 8-17 and 8-18, respectively.

ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱯᱟᱦᱴᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱚᱦᱚ ᱞᱟᱹᱜᱤᱫ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱾ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ, ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱟᱲᱟᱝ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱜᱮ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱟᱠᱟᱱ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱜᱟᱱ, ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱥᱯᱤᱰ, ᱟᱨ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱜᱞᱩᱴᱮᱱ ᱯᱷᱨᱤᱠᱩᱣᱮᱱᱥᱤ ᱫᱚ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱵᱷᱤᱛᱨᱤ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ, ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱟᱨ ᱱᱟᱹᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱠᱚ ᱛᱟᱞᱟ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾

ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ ᱥᱮ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱥᱟᱶ ᱥᱟᱶᱛᱮ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱫᱚ ᱮᱴᱟᱜ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱥᱮᱜᱽᱢᱮᱱᱴ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱯᱮᱥᱮᱥ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱟᱨ ᱥᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚᱱ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱛᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱫᱟᱢ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱮᱵᱷᱟᱨᱚᱜ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ; ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱟᱨ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ ᱦᱚᱨᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱹᱢᱤ, ᱢᱮᱱᱠᱷᱟᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱫᱟᱲᱮ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱵᱮᱥ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ ᱾

ᱪᱤᱛᱟᱹᱨ 28, 198, 2016 ᱟᱨ extime-tosion lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạṛhi, ᱟᱨ exo-tay lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạṛhi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạṛhi ᱿

Thermal Management System Design and Implementation

2018 ᱟᱨ 1989 ᱨᱮ, ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱟᱞᱜᱟ ᱜᱮᱭᱟ, ᱚᱱᱟ ᱛᱮ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ, ᱟᱨ ᱚᱱᱟ ᱫᱚ ᱢᱤᱫ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱ ᱞᱚᱞᱚ ᱛᱮ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱱᱚᱶᱟ ᱥᱤᱥᱴᱚᱢ ᱨᱮ, 300 ms ᱨᱮ, 10% ᱠᱷᱚᱱ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱜᱨᱟᱢ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱠᱚᱣᱟᱜ ᱫᱤᱥᱟᱹ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ (Intersions) ᱡᱟᱦᱟᱸ ᱨᱮ ᱫᱷᱟᱹᱛᱤᱨ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱮᱱᱟᱜ-ᱟ᱾ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱲ ᱚᱠᱛᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱵᱮᱴᱟᱨᱤ ᱠᱚ ᱫᱚ ᱟᱹᱰᱤ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱠᱚᱢ ᱥᱮ ᱵᱟᱹᱲᱛᱤ ᱮᱥᱮᱨ ᱦᱩᱭ ᱫᱟᱲᱮᱭᱟᱜᱼᱟ ᱾

2.2 kg, 25 kg kay key kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ kạmi lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕ lạgit̕, 8 kg (6 kg, kha) ᱦᱚᱸ ᱵᱟᱝ ᱧᱮᱞᱚᱜ-ᱟ᱾

Other heating methods